Very soon a drug universal for all types of cancer tumors may be developed. Scientists claimed a breakthrough in turning a breast cancer drug dealing with all types of cancer. The focus is on drug therapy of cancer based on the class of drugs known as inhibitors of PARP. PARP stands of Poly ADP ribose polymerase is a protein molecule that plays an active role in various cellular processes, DNA repair and programmed cell death. PARP inhibitors are particularly effective in the treatment of hereditary breast cancers. Inhibitors have the ability to zero in the red cells and tumours and kill selectively without harming healthy cells. This also means that the side effects normally associated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is very minimal with this type of pharmaceutical products.
In the subject or with an inherited form of breast cancer, there are mutation or deficiency in the genes known as BRCA1 and BRCA2. BRCA1 is a gene that produces a type of protein called 1 type of breast cancer susceptibility protein. They are normally expressed in cells of the breast and some other organs. Whenever damage the DNA of the cells of these organs BRCA1 repairs immediately this DNA damage or if it cannot be repaired it kills cells. So cancerous tumours are killed at the stage very early itself. The function of the BRCA2 gene is too more or less similar although the molecular structure is different. BRCA2 is synonymous with Breast Cancer 2 susceptibility protein. Its main function is to chromosomal damage and fixing breaks in the DNA structure. Can thus see that the proper functioning of these two genes are very important to protect us against cancer. Whenever there is an error in these two genes that is mainly due to hereditary reasons of the person is a huge risk of breast cancer.
Tumors of the breast with mutation BRCA drugs that inhibit ribose polymerase Poly ADP (inhibitors) cause double-stranded break in cells. Because of the lack of BRCA these cannot be repaired. This leads to the death of cancer cells. Normal cells do not replicate the way in which cancer cells making normal cells are not affected by PARP inhibitors.
The same principle is applied by scientists using PARP inhibitors for treating tumors that do not have this genetic defect but by artificially inducing such a genetic failure. CDK1 or cyclin-dependent kinase 1 is a protein which is very essential in the maintenance of the normal cell cycle processes. Repairing damage to DNA in cells. By blocking the CDK1 molecule tumors are deprived of the mechanism of DNA repair. When the subject is given inhibitors the cancerous tumour was successfully narrowed. Scientists have actually dealt with cancer of the Lung in rats with this method.
